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How Smart Lenders Are Using UPI Behavioural Scores to Tap New-to-Credit Segments

How Smart Lenders Are Using UPI Behavioural Scores to Tap New-to-Credit Segments

4 minutes read

India’s Credit Inclusion Challenge

India’s financial landscape is transforming rapidly, driven by the digital revolution. Yet, access to formal credit remains one of the most persistent barriers to financial inclusion. Millions of individuals — gig workers, freelancers, students, and small business owners — remain “thin-file” customers, largely invisible to traditional credit bureaus.

However, these same individuals are active participants in India’s thriving digital economy through the Unified Payments Interface (UPI). Every digital transaction — whether bill payments, merchant purchases, or peer-to-peer transfers — reveals authentic behavioural patterns that reflect financial discipline and intent.

This evolving landscape presents a vital question:
Can verified UPI data become a reliable indicator of creditworthiness for India’s new-to-credit population?
The answer lies in CARD91’s UPI Credit Score Engine — BlitzScore.

By the Numbers: India’s UPI and Credit Landscape

  • 84+ billion UPI transactions were recorded in FY 2023, a 58% year-on-year growth — making UPI the most adopted retail payment platform in the world.

  • India’s credit gap remains over ₹25 lakh crore, with millions of digitally active users still outside the formal credit ecosystem.

  • Credit on UPI is emerging as the next frontier, backed by RBI’s initiatives and growing fintech participation.

These figures underscore a single reality — India’s payment data holds the key to unlocking its next wave of credit inclusion.

From Transactions to Trust: The Rise of Behavioural Scoring

Traditional credit scoring models depend on static bureau data and past loan histories. They fail to capture real-time financial behaviour, excluding customers who lack prior credit exposure.

Behavioural credit scoring changes this paradigm by analysing ongoing transaction data to evaluate spending consistency, repayment intent, and financial discipline.

In India, UPI provides an unparalleled behavioural dataset, processing over 13 billion transactions each month. It paints a real-time picture of how individuals manage money — frequency of payments, bill regularity, and diversity of transactions.

By focusing on how individuals transact rather than whether they have borrowed before, behavioural scoring empowers lenders to serve a broader and fairer customer base.

Introducing BlitzScore: CARD91’s AI-Powered UPI Credit Engine

BlitzScore, developed by CARD91, is a proprietary behavioural scoring engine designed to translate verified UPI activity into measurable, real-time credit intelligence. It bridges the gap between digital payment behaviour and credit eligibility through advanced AI and ML models, ensuring accuracy, compliance, and scalability.

Core Capabilities of BlitzScore

  • Real-Time Behavioural Score (0–100): Generated instantly using verified UPI transaction data.

  • Configurable Thresholds: Lenders can set approval parameters aligned with their credit-risk policies.

  • Dynamic Data Analysis: Continuously recalibrates based on recent transaction patterns.

  • Seamless API Integration: Easily connects with existing credit underwriting or decisioning platforms.

  • Dashboard Insights: Provides model explainability, borrower segmentation, and risk distribution analytics.

How BlitzScore Works: Step-by-Step

  1. Data Consent & Fetching – The borrower authorizes data access through RBI-compliant consent architecture.
  2. AI-Powered Behavioural Scoring – The engine analyses verified UPI transaction flows to determine score and confidence band.
  3. Risk Band Segmentation – Borrowers are classified into micro-segments for instant decisioning.
  4. Continuous Monitoring – Behavioural data updates ensure score recalibration for ongoing products like BNPL or credit lines.

Comparison: Traditional Bureau vs UPI Behavioural Scoring

Comparison: Traditional Bureau vs UPI Behavioural ScoringComparison: Traditional Bureau vs UPI Behavioural ScoringComparison: Traditional Bureau vs UPI Behavioural ScoringComparison: Traditional Bureau vs UPI Behavioural Scoring

Why UPI-Based Scoring Is Transformational

1. Unlocking the New-to-Credit Population

Millions of financially active users without bureau records can now be assessed fairly using verified UPI data. BlitzScore empowers lenders to confidently expand credit access to these segments while maintaining strong risk control.

2. Speed and Scalability

Lenders can process thousands of behavioural scores per second, reducing approval times from days to seconds. This creates a competitive edge in digital-first loan journeys.

3. Smarter Risk Management

Behavioural signals detect early warnings — such as sudden inactivity or irregular transaction spikes — enabling proactive portfolio management.

4. Adaptive Credit Policies

BlitzScore’s models evolve dynamically with each transaction stream, making it ideal for products like BNPL, micro-loans, and credit-on-UPI offerings.

Use Cases Across the Lending Spectrum

  • Banks & NBFCs: Onboard new borrowers and underwrite small-ticket loans without bureau dependence.

  • Fintechs: Extend instant credit to freelancers and gig workers based on verified UPI patterns.

  • BNPL & Neo-Banks: Evaluate repayment intent before short-term disbursals.

  • Microfinance Institutions: Automate first-time borrower profiling to balance inclusion with risk efficiency.

Data Privacy and Regulatory Compliance

As a regulated infrastructure provider, CARD91 ensures that BlitzScore operates within RBI’s consent-based and data protection frameworks.

All transaction data is:

  • Collected with explicit user consent through secure consent gateways.

  • Encrypted and anonymized before processing.

  • Stored in PCI-DSS and RBI-compliant environments to safeguard customer data.

This ensures lenders gain valuable behavioural insights without compromising customer privacy or regulatory integrity.

Implementation: Simple, Fast, and Scalable

  1. Connect via API: Integrate BlitzScore with existing systems in days, not months.

  2. Pilot & Calibrate: Compare with bureau data, fine-tune thresholds.

  3. Deploy & Monitor: Go live, measure uplift in approval rates and early delinquency reduction.

The Road Ahead: From Bureau Data to Behavioural Intelligence

The future of credit in India is real-time, inclusive, and data-driven.
As UPI transforms payments, BlitzScore is redefining credit evaluation — enabling lenders to underwrite with precision, fairness, and speed.

By leveraging UPI behavioural intelligence, financial institutions can bridge the gap between digital activity and credit trustworthiness, driving India closer to true credit inclusion.

Because when behaviour speaks louder than history, trust becomes measurable.

Build Smarter Credit with BlitzScore

Ready to underwrite the next billion credit users?
Discover how CARD91’s UPI Credit Score Engine (BlitzScore) can power inclusive lending innovation Learn More about BlitzScore or Request a Demo

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What is UPI-based behavioural credit scoring?

UPI-based behavioural scoring analyses verified UPI transaction data — frequency, diversity, and consistency — to assess creditworthiness and repayment intent. It enables lenders to make faster, data-driven, and inclusive decisions.

2. How does BlitzScore help lenders onboard new-to-credit customers?

BlitzScore generates a behavioural score (0–100) in seconds, using real UPI data. Lenders can confidently approve borrowers without traditional bureau histories — especially gig workers, students, and freelancers.

3. Is UPI transaction data secure under BlitzScore?

Yes. BlitzScore operates under RBI’s consent-based and PCI-DSS standards, ensuring encryption, anonymization, and secure storage of all UPI data.

4. What advantages does behavioural scoring offer over bureau scores?

It delivers real-time, inclusive, and dynamic insights, helping lenders detect risk earlier, reduce default rates, and onboard more customers efficiently.

5. Which institutions can benefit from BlitzScore?

Banks, NBFCs, fintechs, BNPL platforms, and microfinance institutions can all leverage BlitzScore to underwrite new borrowers effectively while maintaining compliance.

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